Conflict, Security, and Cooperation

• Guns & Bombs→ Human Security

• ↑ Frequency & ↑ Severity

Unconventional force

1) Arms transfers

    -Sale of US weapons
 

2) Special operations

    -Covert operations, espionage
 

3) Terrorism

    • Terrorist organizations

    Domestic (often called guerrillas)

        -Peru's Shining Path

        -Eta, Basque separatist group, Spain

        -Chechen Separatists in Chechnya, Russia

    International: Al Qaeda in Yemen; Taliban involvement in Pakistan

    State-Sponsored Terrorism: Hezbollah
 

    Terrorists or Freedom Fighters?  Kurds
 

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Approaches to state security/ levels of cooperation:
 

1)  Self-Defense through military security- military spending

2)  Limited Self-Defense-through arms limitations

• Conventional: Antipersonnel Mine Treaty

• Nuclear: Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty

• Chemical: Chemical Weapons Convention

• Biological: Biological Weapons Convention

2)  International Security Forces

• Collective security

• Regional IGOs: NATO, ECOWAS and Ivory Coast, OAS

• INTERPOL

• The UN---Peacekeeping, Peacemaking (Political Missions), and Peacebuilding; field operations

3)  Abolition of War

•    Pacifism